The Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure submitted the Draft law on railways to the Commission for the purpose of obtaining opinion. In accordance with its competences, the Commission Council enacted an opinion concerning the following legal provisions of the Draft law on railways:
In Article 2(1/21) of the submitted draft, a term ‘exclusive right’ is defined as a right by way of which a railway carrier is authorized to provide certain services of public railway passenger transport on established railway track or network or in individual area, with the involvement of other railway carriers. The mentioned term is further used in the draft text only in Article 113 in relation to railway transport services of public interest – award of contract on public transport obligation in performing activities of public interest in passenger and freight public transport. Considering the above-mentioned, towards removing doubts in terms of the use of this term, the Commission’s assessment is that the above-mentioned definition should be inserted in the section of the Draft law regulating the transport as activity of public interest.
Article 13(3) of the Draft stipulates that a manager of service facilities directly controlled by a railway carrier, which is operative and holds a dominant position on the national railway transport market where the facility is used, must be independent from the railway carrier in terms of organization and decision-making. In relation to this provision, it is indicated that the issue of establishing the dominance is in the exclusive competence of the Commission, performed in a procedure conducted for the purpose of investigating the existence of infringements of competition. Since the Directorate for Railways is not authorized to establish dominance, it is questioned on the manner, criteria and procedure in which the dominance would be established. On those points, it is suggested to amend this provision by deleting the following words: “and holds a dominant position on the national railway transport market”. It is estimated that in such manner, considering the development of our market, a goal set in EC Regulation 2012/34 would be achieved.
It is suggested that in Article 30(4) of the Draft should be stipulated a commitment of the infrastructure manager to secure the publicity and availability of information to all undertakings in terms of criteria of availability and infrastructure capacity allocation potentials, towards allowing the public access to information that might be important in determining the respective business policies.
The provision set out in Article 40(3) of the Draft law stipulates that a priority which might be provided to a specific type of traffic when allocating infrastructure capacity need to be provided in accordance with law governing protection of competition. The Commission believes that although the mentioned provision is transposed from Article 49(3) of the EU Regulation 2012/34, it failed to be adequately carried into the draft. The purpose of the provision set out in Article 49(2) of the EC Regulation is that the decision of the infrastructure manager to give priority to a type of traffic when allocating infrastructure capacity is without prejudice to regulations governing restrictive agreements, abuses of dominance and competences of competition authority in relation to these restrictions, which is not evident from the formulation provided in this paragraph. On those points, the Commission proposed a new paragraph 4 that would read: “The provision of priority must not be contrary to regulations governing competition”. If this proposal would be accepted, it is recommended to delete the following words from paragraph 3 of Article 40: “in accordance with law governing protection of competition”.
In Article 120(4) of the Draft is stipulated that the General Manager of the Directorate for Railways regulates the exchange of information and cooperation of internal organizational units of the Directorate towards preventing adverse effects on the state of competition. The Commission assessed that the formulation: “towards preventing adverse effects on the state of competition” is not adequate, considering competences given to the Directorate and the Commission. Thus is suggested that the said formulation be amended to read: “towards prompting (developing) the state of competition”.
Article 121(6) of the Draft in the part that reads: “monitors the situation pertaining to the competition” should be amended to read: “monitors the state of competition”. The proposed formulation is also in accordance with the Commission’s competences. Accounting information to be provided as stipulated in Article 122 of the Draft is highly significant when monitoring the market behavior of undertakings. Item 2), Subitem (3) of this article stipulates the obligation of accounting information to be supplied upon request relating to the cost and profit information of individual services with the goal of monitoring the price of access to infrastructure and detecting potentially anticompetitive pricing (cross-subsidization, predatory and excessive pricing). The said provision does not stipulate the competence of the Direction to establish the anticompetitive pricing, but only a possibility to detect potential infringements of competition and inform the competent competition authority on the matter. On that point, it is suggested that the wording: “so to detect potential anticompetitive pricing (cross subsidization, predatory and excessive pricing)” be replaced to read: “so to detect potential infringements of competition, on which the Direction informs the competent competition authority”.
In the Commission’s opinion of Dec 25, 2017 is established that the Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure accepted all comments and recommendations provided by the Commission in an opinion of Nov 27, 2017. Bearing in mind the above-mentioned, the Commission had no comments to the amended text of the Draft law on railways.